The UK relies heavily on road freight, with 89% of all goods transported by vans, lorries and HGVs. But not all HGVs are the same, and you’ll need the correct licence to drive them safely.
If you’re interested in training to drive an HGV, we’ve taken a closer look at the different HGV classes.
HGV classes and categories: an overview
The different HGV classes cover weights and vehicle types. To drive an HGV, you must obtain the correct licence.
Class 1 licence (Category C&E)
A Class 1 licence lets you drive vehicles of 7.5 tonnes or more with a detachable trailer. You’ll need this qualification if you want a career driving articulated lorries over long distances. You may need additional training, including maintenance, to know when to replace trailer parts using a reputable supplier such as https://autoandtrailer.com/shop/trailer-parts.
Class 2 licence (Category C)
This licence covers 7.5 tonne and over vehicles, where the cab and the trailer are a single unit. You need this licence if you prefer to drive locally rather than long distances.
Category C1
This category covers smaller lorries between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes. If you passed your test before 1997, you’re automatically qualified to drive smaller commercial vehicles.
Category D & D1
If you work in public or private transport, you require a D licence for passenger-carrying vehicles like buses and coaches. Minibuses of 16 seats and fewer require the driver to have a D1 licence. Drivers who qualified before 1997 automatically have this entitlement.
Category B & E
If you qualified before 1997, you can tow a trailer behind your car for work or personal use.
HIAB or lorry loading licence
This licence proves you can safely handle lorries with specialised loading equipment, including lorry-mounted cranes.
Accord Dangereux Routier (ADR) licence
This qualifies you to safely handle and transport hazardous materials like corrosive or flammable liquids.
The bottom line
Understanding the different HGV classes and licences is essential when you want to work as an HGV driver and show you have the correct knowledge and skills to drive legally and safely.